As techniq always tells you about working of many things in same way today we are going to discuss about working and constitution of Guided Missiles.Hope you will like it.Guided Missiles, self-propelled projectile weapons or instruments, guided in flight toward a target either by remote control or by internal mechanisms. Guided missiles vary widely in size and type, ranging from large strategic ballistic missiles with nuclear warheads to small, portable rockets carried by foot soldiers. Although most are military weapons with explosive warheads, others may carry scientific instruments for gathering information within or above the earth's atmosphere.
These guided missiles consist of three separate systems:
(i) power source
(ii)guidance and
(iii) control mechanism and
(iv)warhead or payload.
Power sources normally are either self-contained rocket motors or air-breathing jet engines (engines that need the surrounding air to burn their fuel), but may also be airfoils or outside booster charges from ramp or tube launchers. The type of guidance and control system employed depends on the type of missile and the nature of the target. Inertial guidance systems sense the position of the flight path in relation to a fixed target; other guidance systems use a variety of more active sensors to help direct the missile toward a moving objective. Payloads are generally warheads designed for specific missions, from piercing armor plate to destroying entire urban areas.
Before World War II (1939-1945), guided missiles were limited to experimental, pilotless aircraft controlled by radio. During the war, however, rapid technological advances in such fields as aerodynamics, electronics, jet and rocket propulsion, radar, servomechanisms, inertial guidance and control systems, and aircraft structures, coupled with the intensive search for better weapons, led to the construction, testing, and finally mass production of the modern guided missile.
Guided missiles today are grouped into four launch-to-target categories:
"Surface" in each case signifies on as well as below the surface of the land or sea. Missiles may also be grouped by their area of operation: Tactical missiles are used by military forces in direct combat on and above the battlefield; support missiles are employed behind the main battle area; and strategic missiles are designed for intercontinental warfare. Missiles may also be separated by their flight characteristics. Aerodynamic missiles are supported in flight by air pressure around their wing and body surfaces similar to conventional piloted aircraft; ballistic missiles depend solely on their internal power source, usually a rocket engine, to remain airborne. Aerodynamic missiles normally travel on a straight-line or flat trajectory toward their target, and ballistic missiles are usually surface-to-surface weapons that follow curved or arched trajectories similar to that of an artillery projectile.
(i) power source
(ii)guidance and
(iii) control mechanism and
(iv)warhead or payload.
Power sources normally are either self-contained rocket motors or air-breathing jet engines (engines that need the surrounding air to burn their fuel), but may also be airfoils or outside booster charges from ramp or tube launchers. The type of guidance and control system employed depends on the type of missile and the nature of the target. Inertial guidance systems sense the position of the flight path in relation to a fixed target; other guidance systems use a variety of more active sensors to help direct the missile toward a moving objective. Payloads are generally warheads designed for specific missions, from piercing armor plate to destroying entire urban areas.
Before World War II (1939-1945), guided missiles were limited to experimental, pilotless aircraft controlled by radio. During the war, however, rapid technological advances in such fields as aerodynamics, electronics, jet and rocket propulsion, radar, servomechanisms, inertial guidance and control systems, and aircraft structures, coupled with the intensive search for better weapons, led to the construction, testing, and finally mass production of the modern guided missile.
Guided missiles today are grouped into four launch-to-target categories:
- surface-to-surface
- surface-to air
- air-to-surface
- air-to-air.
"Surface" in each case signifies on as well as below the surface of the land or sea. Missiles may also be grouped by their area of operation: Tactical missiles are used by military forces in direct combat on and above the battlefield; support missiles are employed behind the main battle area; and strategic missiles are designed for intercontinental warfare. Missiles may also be separated by their flight characteristics. Aerodynamic missiles are supported in flight by air pressure around their wing and body surfaces similar to conventional piloted aircraft; ballistic missiles depend solely on their internal power source, usually a rocket engine, to remain airborne. Aerodynamic missiles normally travel on a straight-line or flat trajectory toward their target, and ballistic missiles are usually surface-to-surface weapons that follow curved or arched trajectories similar to that of an artillery projectile.
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